Theo Todman's Web Page - Notes Pages

Personal Identity

Sortals

(Text as at 06/07/2023 00:43:12)

Plug Note¹

• Thesis Text:
  1. Using Howard Robinson’s terminology ("Robinson (Howard) - Dualism (Stanford)"), the Ultimate Sort of a thing is that property² without which the thing ceases to exist.
  2. However, an individual falling under a Phase Sortal³ can lose the property that defines the phase without ceasing to exist.
  3. Ultimate Sorts are presumably the same as Baker⁴’s Primary Kinds⁵, though I can’t remember if she has an analogue of a Phase Sortal.
  4. The standard example is of a Human Being⁶ (as the Ultimate Sort) and Child (as a Phase Sortal).
  5. So, is personhood⁷ an attribute of a human being, like “childhood”, that a human being can either possess or lack, or are persons ontologically⁸ separate from “their” human beings?
  6. Wiggins⁹ argues that we can’t talk of the persistence conditions¹⁰ of anything until we know what sort it is.
  7. Olson¹¹ claims that it’s futile to talk of the persistence conditions of persons¹² per se – if human beings, God and angels are all persons – since their persistence conditions (assuming the existence of God and angels, for the sake of the argument) are completely different. This lack of a common set of persistence conditions would indicate that Person¹³ is not an Ultimate Sort.

• ---

  Further Remarks:
  1. I discuss the sorts that we may fall under in the Note on “What are We¹⁴”.

References

• Relevant Works cited above:
  1. "Robinson (Howard) - Dualism (Stanford)", 2003-11, Annotations, External Link, Internal PDF Link, Read
• For a Page of Links¹⁵ to this Note, Click here.
• Works on this topic that I’ve actually read¹⁶, include the following:-
  • General:
    1. "Baillie (James) - Identity, Survival, and Sortal Concepts", 1990, Internal PDF Link
    2. "Baillie (James) - What Am I?", 1993, Write-Up Note¹⁷, Footnote₁₈
    3. "Baur (Michael) - Review of 'Kinds of Being: A Study of Individuation, Identity and the Logic of Sortal Terms' by E. J. Lowe", 1992, Internal PDF Link
    4. "Burke (Michael) - Preserving the Principle of One Object to a Place: A Novel Account of the Relations Amongst Objects, Sorts, Sortals, and Persistence Conditions", 1997, Internal PDF Link
    5. "Hirsch (Eli) - Sortals", 1982
    6. "Noonan (Harold) - Review of 'Kinds of Being: A Study of Individuation, Identity and the Logic of Sortal Terms' by E. J. Lowe", 1991, Internal PDF Link
    7. "Olson (Eric) - Persistence", 1999
    8. "Robinson (Howard) - Dualism (Stanford)", 2003-11, Annotations, External Link, Internal PDF Link
    9. "Simons (Peter) - Review of 'Kinds of Being: A Study of Individuation, Identity and the Logic of Sortal Terms' by E. J. Lowe", 1992, Annotations, Internal PDF Link
    10. "Wilson (Jack) - Beyond Horses and Oak Trees: A New Theory of Individuation for Living Entities", 1999, Annotations
    11. "Wilson (Jack) - Identity and Sortals: Why Relative Identity Is Self-Contradictory", 1999, Annotations
• A further reading list might start with:-
  • General:
    1. "Ackermann (Robert) - Sortal Predicates and Confirmation", 1969, No Abstract, Internal PDF Link
    2. "Baldwin (Thomas) - Reviews: Sameness and Substance by David Wiggins; Objects and Identity by Harold Noonan", 1982, Internal PDF Link
    3. "Bennett (Daniel) - Essential Properties", 1969, Internal PDF Link
    4. "Bennett (Karen) - Spatio-Temporal Coincidence and the Grounding Problem", 2004, Annotations, Internal PDF Link, Read = 15%
    5. "Berglund (Stefan) - Identity and Reduction", 1995
    6. "Braddon-Mitchell (David) & Miller (Kristie) - Talking about a Universalist World", 2006, Internal PDF Link, Read = 3%
    7. "Brennan (Andrew) - Stages, Sortals, and Possible Worlds", 1988
    8. "Burke (Michael) - Dion, Theon, and the many-thinkers problem", 2004, Internal PDF Link
    9. "Campbell (John) - Sortals and the Binding Problem", 2006
    10. "Carter (William) - On Contingent Identity and Temporal Worms", 1982, Internal PDF Link
    11. "Cocchiarella (Nino) - On the Logic of Natural Kinds", 1976, Internal PDF Link
    12. "Feldman (Fred) - Sortal Predicates", 1973, Internal PDF Link, Read = 25%
    13. "Griffin (Nicholas) - Sortals", 1977
    14. "Hawley (Katherine) - Sheer Coincidence?", 2001
    15. "Hughes (Christopher) - Is a Thing Just the Sum of Its Parts", 1986, Internal PDF Link, Read = 11%
    16. "Linnebo (Oystein) - To Be Is to Be an F", 2005, Internal PDF Link
    17. "Lowe (E.J.) - Individuals, Sorts, and Instantiation", 2009
    18. "Lowe (E.J.) - Kinds of Being: Study of Individuation, Identity and the Logic of Sortal Terms", 1989, Book
    19. "Lowe (E.J.) - More Kinds of Being: A Further Study of Individuation, Identity and the Logic of Sortal Terms", 2015, Book, Read = 3%, Footnote₁₉
    20. "Mackie (Penelope) - Sortal Concepts and Essential Properties", 1994, Internal PDF Link, Read = 5%
    21. "Noonan (Harold) - On the Notion of a Sortal Concept", 1978, No Abstract, Internal PDF Link
    22. "Noonan (Harold) - Sortal Concepts and Identity", 1978, No Abstract, Internal PDF Link
    23. "Noonan (Harold) - Sortal Concepts and Identity", 1980, Internal PDF Link, Read = 11%
    24. "Oderberg (David) - Coincidence Under a Sortal", 1996, Internal PDF Link
    25. "Rapp (Christof) - Runggaldier on the Cohabitation of Material Objects", 1998, No Abstract, Internal PDF Link
    26. "Runggaldier (Edmund) - Sortal Continuity of Material Things", 1998, Internal PDF Link, Read = 11%
    27. "Shoemaker (Sydney) - Realization, Micro-Realization, and Coincidence", 2003, Internal PDF Link
    28. "Smart (Brian) - Personal Identity in an Organized Parcel", 1973, Internal PDF Link
    29. "Stevenson (Leslie) - A formal theory of sortal quantification", 1975, Internal PDF Link
    30. "Stone (Jim) - Why Sortal Essentialism Cannot Solve Chrysippus's Puzzle", 2002, Internal PDF Link
    31. "Ujvari (Marta) - Cambridge Change and Sortal Essentialism", 2004, Internal PDF Link
    32. "Wallace (John R.) - Sortal Predicates and Quantification", 1965, No Abstract, Internal PDF Link
    33. "Wiggins (David) - Sameness and Substance Renewed", 2001, Book, Read = 16%, Footnote₂₀
    34. "Wiggins (David) - Sortal Concepts: A Reply to Xu", 2016, Read = 22%
    35. "Wiggins (David) - Sortal Concepts: and the Characteristic Activity or Function or Purpose of their Compliants", 2001
  • Pregnancy²¹:
    1. "Gomez-Lobo (Alfonso) - Sortals and Human Beginnings", 2004, External Link, Internal PDF Link, Read = 5%

  ---

• For a list of Works that have been considered, but have missed the cut for inclusion in this Section of my Thesis, see the following:-
  1. Read: No items to list.
  2. Further Reading: No items to list.
• This is mostly a place-holder²².

---

In-Page Footnotes:

Footnote 18:

• This paper – inter alia – confirms my “take” on the Cheshire Cat’s smile.
• See Draft Note, Review Comments.

Footnote 19:

• Maybe no need, therefore, to look at "Lowe (E.J.) - Kinds of Being: Study of Individuation, Identity and the Logic of Sortal Terms", though I’ve read:-
  → "Baur (Michael) - Review of 'Kinds of Being: A Study of Individuation, Identity and the Logic of Sortal Terms' by E. J. Lowe",
  → "Noonan (Harold) - Review of 'Kinds of Being: A Study of Individuation, Identity and the Logic of Sortal Terms' by E. J. Lowe", and
  → "Simons (Peter) - Review of 'Kinds of Being: A Study of Individuation, Identity and the Logic of Sortal Terms' by E. J. Lowe".

Footnote 20:

• No need to read Wiggins’s earlier work in detail?

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Table of the Previous 12 Versions of this Note:

Date	Length	Title
20/09/2022 11:24:00	4485	Sortals
02/05/2022 23:44:10	4158	Sortals
02/07/2021 20:32:38	3886	Sortals
17/02/2021 18:50:24	3487	Sortals
30/09/2020 16:01:55	2652	Sortals
08/05/2018 00:54:43	4786	Sortals
11/03/2018 20:19:41	2973	Sortals
18/12/2010 19:58:05	1410	Sortals
26/11/2007 23:25:26	1314	Sortals
11/11/2007 13:00:29	228	Sortals
21/10/2007 11:21:07	297	Sortals
12/08/2007 10:17:46	194	Sortals

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Note last updated	Reading List for this Topic	Parent Topic
06/07/2023 00:43:12	Sortals	Research - Proposal

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Summary of Notes Referenced by This Note

Awaiting Attention (Personal Identity)	Baillie - What Am I?	Baker	Human Beings	Jen_070928_N2J1
Jen_080204 (Brandom, Chisholm, Baillie)	Kinds	Note Links Explanation	Olson	Ontology
Person	Phase Sortals	Plug Note Apologia	Pregnancy	Properties
What are We?	Wiggins	Works Read - Explanation

To access information, click on one of the links in the table above.

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Summary of Notes Citing This Note

Artifacts	Baker - Materialism with a Human Face, 2	Baker - Persons in the Material World	Biological Criterion	Bodily Continuity
Clinical Observations	Continuity, 2	Corpses	Daniel Dennett – Conditions of Personhood	Dion and Theon
Immortality, 2, 3	Individual	Intermittent Objects	Kinds, 2	Metamorphosis
Ontology	Phase Sortals	PID Note, Book & Paper Usage, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7	Relative Identity, 2	Research - Proposal
Status: Personal Identity (2025 - December)	Status: Priority Task List (2026 - February)	Status: Summary (2025 - December)	Thesis - Chapter 02 (What are We?)	Thesis - Chapter 04 (Basic Metaphysical Issues), 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12
Thesis - Chapter 05 (Persistence and Time), 2, 3	Thesis - Chapter 06 (Animalism and Arguments for It)	Thesis - Chapter 07 (The Constitution View and Arguments for It)	Thesis - Chapter 10 (Thought Experiments)	Thesis - Chapter 11 (Resurrection), 2, 3, 4
Thesis - Personal Identity, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21	Website Generator Documentation - Functors, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6

To access information, click on one of the links in the table above.

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Authors, Books & Papers Citing this Note

Author	Title	Medium	Extra Links	Read?
Adams (Ernest)	Two Aspects of Physical Identity	Paper
Ayers (Michael R.)	Locke on Living Things	Paper	2	Yes
Baillie (James)	Identity, Survival, and Sortal Concepts	Paper	2	Yes
Baillie (James)	What Am I?	Paper		Yes
Baker (Lynne Rudder)	Ontology and Ordinary Objects	Paper
Baker (Lynne Rudder)	Persons in the Material World	Paper		Yes
Baker (Lynne Rudder)	Review of 'Bodies and Souls, or Spirited Bodies?' by Nancey Murphy	Paper		Yes
Baldwin (Thomas)	Reviews: Sameness and Substance by David Wiggins; Objects and Identity by Harold Noonan	Paper	2, 3, 4, 5, 6
Baur (Michael)	Review of 'Kinds of Being: A Study of Individuation, Identity and the Logic of Sortal Terms' by E. J. Lowe	Paper	2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8	Yes
Bennett (Daniel)	Essential Properties	Paper	2, 3, 4
Bennett (Karen)	Spatio-Temporal Coincidence and the Grounding Problem	Paper
Berglund (Stefan)	Identity and Reduction	Paper
Bermudez (Jose Luis)	Thinking Without Words	Book
Braddon-Mitchell (David) & Miller (Kristie)	Talking about a Universalist World	Paper	2
Brennan (Andrew)	Conditions of Identity	Book
Brennan (Andrew)	Discontinuity and Identity	Paper
Brennan (Andrew)	Stages, Sortals, and Possible Worlds	Paper
Burge (Tyler)	A Theory of Aggregates	Paper
Burke (Michael)	Dion, Theon, and the many-thinkers problem	Paper	2, 3, 4
Burke (Michael)	Preserving the Principle of One Object to a Place: A Novel Account of the Relations Amongst Objects, Sorts, Sortals, and Persistence Conditions	Paper	2	Yes
Campbell (John)	Sortals and the Binding Problem	Paper	2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
Carter (William)	On Contingent Identity and Temporal Worms	Paper	2, 3, 4, 5, 6
Cocchiarella (Nino)	On the Logic of Natural Kinds	Paper	2, 3, 4
Coliva (Annalisa)	Review of Gasser & Stefan, Eds. - Personal Identity: Complex or Simple?	Paper		Yes
Cook (Roy T.) & Ebert (Philip A.)	Abstraction and Identity	Paper
Dennett (Daniel)	Conditions of Personhood	Paper		Yes
Divers (John)	Coincidence and Form	Paper
Doepke (Frederick)	Spatially Coinciding Objects	Paper		Yes
Dupre (John)	Wilkerson on Natural Kinds	Paper
Feldman (Fred)	Sortal Predicates	Paper	2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33
Ferner (Adam)	Metaphysics and biology: a critique of David Wiggins’ account of personal identity	Paper
French (Steven) & Krause (Décio)	Identity in Physics: A Historical, Philosophical, and Formal Analysis	Book	2, 3, 4
Gibbard (Allan)	Contingent Identity	Paper		Yes
Goodenough (Jerry)	The Achievement of Personhood	Paper
Griffin (Nicholas)	Criteria Of Identity	Paper	2
Griffin (Nicholas)	Relative Identity	Book
Griffin (Nicholas)	Sortals	Paper
Hawley (Katherine)	Modality	Paper
Hawley (Katherine)	Sheer Coincidence?	Paper
Heil (John)	Substantial Identity	Paper
Hirsch (Eli)	Sortals	Paper	2	Yes
Hirsch (Eli)	The Basic Idea of Persistence	Paper		Yes
Hirsch (Eli)	The Concept of Identity	Book		Yes
Hughes (Christopher)	An Incredible Coincidence?	Paper
Hughes (Christopher)	Is a Thing Just the Sum of Its Parts	Paper	2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10
Johnston (Mark)	Surviving Death	Book
Kripke (Saul)	Naming and Necessity: Lecture I	Paper		Yes
LePoidevin (Robin)	The Cheshire Cat Problem And Other Spatial Obstacles To Backwards Time Travel	Paper
Levey (Samuel)	Coincidence and Principles of Composition	Paper	2
Lockwood (Michael)	When Does a Life Begin?	Paper	2	Yes
Lowe (E.J.)	Coinciding Objects: In Defence of the ‘Standard Account’	Paper
Lowe (E.J.)	Individuals, Sorts, and Instantiation	Paper	2, 3, 4, 5, 6
Lowe (E.J.)	Kinds of Being: Study of Individuation, Identity and the Logic of Sortal Terms	Book	2, 3
Lowe (E.J.)	Locke: Identity	Paper		Yes
Lowe (E.J.)	More Kinds of Being: A Further Study of Individuation, Identity and the Logic of Sortal Terms	Book	2, 3, 4, 5, 6
Lowe (E.J.)	More Kinds of Being: Preface	Paper	2	Yes
Lowe (E.J.)	Objects and Criteria of Identity	Paper	2
MacBride (Fraser)	Identity and Modality: Introduction	Paper
MacBride (Fraser), Ed.	Identity and Modality	Book
Mackie (Penelope)	Sortal Concepts and Essential Properties	Paper	2, 3, 4, 5
Markosian (Ned)	Identifying the Problem of Personal Identity	Paper
Moreland (J.P.)	Review of Hud Hudson 'A Materialist Metaphysics of the Human Person'	Paper
Noonan (Harold)	Relative Identity	Paper	2
Noonan (Harold)	Review of 'Kinds of Being: A Study of Individuation, Identity and the Logic of Sortal Terms' by E. J. Lowe	Paper	2, 3, 4	Yes
Oderberg (David)	Coincidence Under a Sortal	Paper
Olson (Eric)	Persistence	Paper	2	Yes
Olson (Eric)	The Human Animal: Introduction	Paper		Yes
Pietroski (Paul)	Actions, Adjuncts, and Agency	Paper
Price (Marjorie)	Identity Through Time	Paper	2
Rea (Michael)	Supervenience and Co-Location	Paper
Robinson (Denis)	Constitution and the Debate between Animalism and Psychological Views	Paper
Robinson (Howard)	Substance	Paper
Runggaldier (Edmund)	Sortal Continuity of Material Things	Paper	2, 3, 4
Sattig (Thomas)	The Language and Reality of Time	Book
Sattig (Thomas)	Three-Dimensionalist Supervenience	Paper
Savellos (Elias E.)	Criteria of Identity and the Individuation of Natural-Kind Events	Paper
Shoemaker (David)	Personal Identity and Ethics - Conclusion: Notes on Method	Paper		Yes
Shoemaker (Sydney)	Realization, Micro-Realization, and Coincidence	Paper	2, 3
Simons (Peter)	Review of 'Kinds of Being: A Study of Individuation, Identity and the Logic of Sortal Terms' by E. J. Lowe	Paper	2, 3, 4, 5, 6	Yes
Smart (Brian)	How can Persons be Ascribed M-Predicates?	Paper		Yes
Snowdon (Paul)	Animals and Persons	Paper
Stevenson (Leslie)	A formal theory of sortal quantification	Paper	2, 3
Stone (Jim)	Why Sortal Essentialism Cannot Solve Chrysippus's Puzzle	Paper	2, 3, 4
Strawson (Galen)	'The Secrets of All Hearts': Locke on Personal Identity	Paper
Strawson (Peter)	The Introduction of Particulars Into Discourse	Paper
Thomasson (Amie L.)	Answerable and Unanswerable Questions	Paper
Todman (Theo)	Review - Daniel Dennett – Conditions of Personhood	Paper		Yes
Todman (Theo)	Thesis - Artifacts	Paper		Yes
Todman (Theo)	Thesis - Biological Criterion	Paper		Yes
Todman (Theo)	Thesis - Bodily Continuity	Paper		Yes
Todman (Theo)	Thesis - Chapter 02 (What Are We?)	Paper		Yes
Todman (Theo)	Thesis - Chapter 04 (Basic Metaphysical Issues)	Paper	2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12	Yes
Todman (Theo)	Thesis - Chapter 05 (Persistence and Time)	Paper	2, 3	Yes
Todman (Theo)	Thesis - Chapter 06 (Animalism and Arguments for It)	Paper		Yes
Todman (Theo)	Thesis - Chapter 07 (The Constitution View and Arguments for It)	Paper		Yes
Todman (Theo)	Thesis - Chapter 10 (Thought Experiments)	Paper		Yes
Todman (Theo)	Thesis - Chapter 11 (Resurrection)	Paper	2, 3, 4	Yes
Todman (Theo)	Thesis - Clinical Observations	Paper		Yes
Todman (Theo)	Thesis - Continuity	Paper	2	Yes
Todman (Theo)	Thesis - Corpses	Paper		Yes
Todman (Theo)	Thesis - Dion and Theon	Paper		Yes
Todman (Theo)	Thesis - Immortality	Paper	2, 3	Yes
Todman (Theo)	Thesis - Individual	Paper		Yes
Todman (Theo)	Thesis - Intermittent Objects	Paper		Yes
Todman (Theo)	Thesis - Kinds	Paper	2	Yes
Todman (Theo)	Thesis - Metamorphosis	Paper		Yes
Todman (Theo)	Thesis - Ontology	Paper		Yes
Todman (Theo)	Thesis - Personal Identity	Paper	2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21	Yes
Todman (Theo)	Thesis - Phase Sortals	Paper		Yes
Todman (Theo)	Thesis - Relative Identity	Paper	2	Yes
Ujvari (Marta)	Cambridge Change and Sortal Essentialism	Paper	2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10
Wiggins (David)	Ayer on Monism, Pluralism and Essence	Paper
Wiggins (David)	Continuants: Their Activity, Their Being, and Their Identity	Book	2
Wiggins (David)	On Being in the Same Place at the Same Time	Paper	2	Yes
Wiggins (David)	Outline of a Theory of Individuation	Paper
Wiggins (David)	Preamble, Chiefly Concerned With Matters Methodological and Terminological	Paper	2
Wiggins (David)	Preface: Sameness and Substance	Paper		Yes
Wiggins (David)	Preface: Sameness and Substance Renewed	Paper	2	Yes
Wiggins (David)	Reply To Shoemaker	Paper
Wiggins (David)	Sameness and Substance	Book	2
Wiggins (David)	Sameness and Substance Renewed	Book	2, 3, 4, 5, 6
Wiggins (David)	Sameness, Substance, and the Human Person	Paper
Wiggins (David)	Sortal Concepts: A Reply to Xu	Paper	2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
Wiggins (David)	Sortal Concepts: and the Characteristic Activity or Function or Purpose of their Compliants	Paper	2
Wiggins (David)	Sortal Concepts: and the Characteristic Activity or Function or Purpose of their Compliants (S&S)	Paper	2
Wiggins (David)	Substance	Paper
Wiggins (David)	The Absoluteness of Sameness	Paper
Wiggins (David)	The Person as Object of Science, as Subject of Experience, and as Locus of Value	Paper		Yes
Wilson (Jack)	Beyond Horses and Oak Trees: A New Theory of Individuation for Living Entities	Paper	2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11	Yes
Wilson (Jack)	Identity and Sortals: Why Relative Identity Is Self-Contradictory	Paper	2, 3, 4, 5	Yes
Wilson (Jack)	The Necessity of Biological Origin and Substantial Kinds	Paper		Yes
Wright (Crispin)	The Context Principle	Paper	2

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References & Reading List

Author	Title	Medium	Source	Read?
Ackermann (Robert)	Sortal Predicates and Confirmation	Paper - Cited	Philosophical Studies, Vol. 20, No. 1/2 (Jan. - Feb., 1969), pp. 1-4	No
Ayers (Michael R.)	Individuals Without Sortals	Paper - By Subtopic	Canadian Journal of Philosophy, 4.1, Sept. 1974, 113-148	10%
Baillie (James)	Identity, Survival, and Sortal Concepts	Paper - Cited	Philosophical Quarterly, 1990, Vol. 40 Issue 159, p183-194, 12p	Yes
Baillie (James)	Problems in Personal Identity	Book - Cited (via Paper Cited)	Bibliographical details to be supplied	45%
Baillie (James)	What Am I?	Paper - Cited	Baillie (James) - Problems in Personal Identity, 1993, Chapter 4	Yes
Baur (Michael)	Review of 'Kinds of Being: A Study of Individuation, Identity and the Logic of Sortal Terms' by E. J. Lowe	Paper - Cited	The Review of Metaphysics, Vol. 46, No. 1 (Sep., 1992), pp. 166-168	Yes
Bird (Alexander) & Tobin (Emma)	Natural Kinds	Paper - By Subtopic	Stanford Encyclopaedia of Philosophy, 2008-17	50%
Brennan (Andrew)	Conditions of Identity	Book - By Subtopic (via Paper By Subtopic)	Brennan (Andrew) - Conditions of Identity	0%
Brennan (Andrew)	Stages, Sortals, and Possible Worlds	Paper - By Subtopic	Brennan - Conditions of Identity, 1988, Chapter 5	No
Burke (Michael)	Preserving the Principle of One Object to a Place: A Novel Account of the Relations Amongst Objects, Sorts, Sortals, and Persistence Conditions	Paper - Cited	Philosophy and Phenomenological Research liv (1994), pp. 591–624	Yes
Campbell (John)	Sortals and the Binding Problem	Paper - By Subtopic	MacBride - Identity and Modality, 2006, Chapter 9	No
DeGrazia (David)	Must We Have Full Moral Status Throughout Our Existence? A Reply to Alfonso Gómez-Lobo	Paper - By Subtopic	Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal Vol. 17, No. 4, December 2007, 297–310	17%
Feldman (Fred)	Sortal Predicates	Paper - By Subtopic	Nous, 7.3, Sept. 1973, pp. 268-282	25%
Gasser (Georg) & Stefan (Matthias), Eds.	Personal Identity: Complex or Simple?	Book - By Subtopic (via Paper By Subtopic)	Gasser (Georg) & Stefan (Matthias), Eds. - Personal Identity: Complex or Simple?	4%
Gomez-Lobo (Alfonso)	Sortals and Human Beginnings	Paper - By Subtopic	Medicine and Metaphysics Conference, University of Buffalo, November, 2004	5%
Griffin (Nicholas)	Relative Identity	Book - By Subtopic (via Paper By Subtopic)	Griffin (Nicholas) - Relative Identity	No
Griffin (Nicholas)	Sortals	Paper - By Subtopic	Griffin - Relative Identity, 1977, Chapter 3	No
Griffin (Nicholas)	Ultimate Sortals	Paper - By Subtopic	Griffin - Relative Identity, 1977, Chapter 5	No
Griffin (Nicholas)	Wiggins On Sortals	Paper - By Subtopic	Griffin - Relative Identity, 1977, Appendix 1	No
Hirsch (Eli)	Sortals	Paper - Cited	Hirsch - The Concept of Identity, 1982, Chapter 2	Yes
Hirsch (Eli)	The Concept of Identity	Book - Cited (via Paper Cited)	Bibliographical details to be supplied	Yes
Kanzian (Christian)	Is 'Person' a Sortal Term?	Paper - By Subtopic	Gasser (Georg) & Stefan (Matthias), Eds. - Personal Identity: Complex or Simple? 2012	No
Laycock (H.)	Mass nouns, count nouns and non-count nouns: Philosophical aspects	Paper - By Subtopic	Website	No
Laycock (H.)	Words Without Objects: TOC & Introduction	Paper - By Subtopic	2006; Website	No
Linnebo (Oystein)	To Be Is to Be an F	Paper - By Subtopic	Dialectica, 59.2, June 2005, pp. 201-222(22)	No
Lowe (E.J.)	Complex Sortal Terms and the Differentiation of Sorts	Paper - By Subtopic	Lowe - Kinds of Being, 1989, Chapter 10	No
Lowe (E.J.)	Identity and Constitution	Paper - By Subtopic	Lowe (E.J.) - More Kinds of Being: Chapter 6	No
Lowe (E.J.)	Individuals, Sorts, and Instantiation	Paper - By Subtopic	Lowe - Kinds of Being, 1989, Chapter 3	No
Lowe (E.J.)	Individuals, Sorts, and Instantiation	Paper - By Subtopic	Lowe (E.J.) - More Kinds of Being: Chapter 3	No
Lowe (E.J.)	Kinds of Being: Study of Individuation, Identity and the Logic of Sortal Terms	Book - Cited	Lowe (E.J.) - Kinds of Being: Study of Individuation, Identity and the Logic of Sortal Terms	No
Lowe (E.J.)	Laws, Dispositions, and Sortal Logic	Paper - By Subtopic	Lowe - Kinds of Being, 1989, Chapter 9	No
Lowe (E.J.)	Laws, Dispositions, and Sortal Logic	Paper - By Subtopic	Lowe (E.J.) - More Kinds of Being: Chapter 11	No
Lowe (E.J.)	More Kinds of Being: A Further Study of Individuation, Identity and the Logic of Sortal Terms	Book - By Subtopic	Lowe (E.J.) - More Kinds of Being: A Further Study of Individuation, Identity and the Logic of Sortal Terms	3%
Lowe (E.J.)	More Kinds of Being: Introduction	Paper - By Subtopic	Lowe (E.J.) - More Kinds of Being: Chapter 1	No
Lowe (E.J.)	More Kinds of Being: Preface	Paper - By Subtopic	Lowe (E.J.) - More Kinds of Being: A Further Study of Individuation, Identity and the Logic of Sortal Terms	Yes
Lowe (E.J.)	Number, Unity, and Individuality	Paper - By Subtopic	Lowe (E.J.) - More Kinds of Being: Chapter 4	No
Lowe (E.J.)	Persons and Their Bodies	Paper - By Subtopic	Lowe (E.J.) - More Kinds of Being: Chapter 8	No
Lowe (E.J.)	Plural Quantification and Sortal Reference	Paper - By Subtopic	Lowe (E.J.) - More Kinds of Being: Chapter 10	No
Lowe (E.J.)	Sortal terms and absolute identity	Paper - By Subtopic	Australasian Journal of Philosophy, 64.1, March 1986, pp. 64-71(8)	33%
Lowe (E.J.)	Sortal Terms and Criteria of Identity	Paper - By Subtopic	Lowe - Kinds of Being, 1989, Chapter 2	No
Lowe (E.J.)	Sortal Terms and Criteria of Identity	Paper - By Subtopic	Lowe (E.J.) - More Kinds of Being: Chapter 2	No
Lowe (E.J.)	Sortal Terms and Natural Laws	Paper - By Subtopic	Lowe - Kinds of Being, 1989, Chapter 8	No
Lowe (E.J.)	Sortal Terms and Natural Laws	Paper - By Subtopic	Lowe (E.J.) - More Kinds of Being: Chapter 9	No
Lowe (E.J.)	The Absoluteness of Identity: A Defence	Paper - By Subtopic	Lowe (E.J.) - More Kinds of Being: Chapter 5	No
Lowe (E.J.)	What Sorts of Things Are There?	Paper - By Subtopic	Lowe (E.J.) - More Kinds of Being: Chapter 12	No
MacBride (Fraser), Ed.	Identity and Modality	Book - By Subtopic (via Paper By Subtopic)	MacBride (Fraser), Ed. - Identity and Modality	5%
Mackie (Penelope)	Sortal Concepts and Essential Properties	Paper - By Subtopic	Philosophical Quarterly 44.176, July 1994, pp. 311-333	5%
Noonan (Harold)	Moderate Monism, Sortal Concepts, and Relative Identity	Paper - By Subtopic	The Monist, Vol. 96, No. 1, Constitution and Composition (January, 2013), pp. 101-130	17%
Noonan (Harold)	Objects and Identity: An Examination of Relative Identity and its Consequences	Book - By Subtopic (via Paper By Subtopic)	Noonan (Harold) - Objects and Identity: An Examination of Relative Identity and its Consequences	10%
Noonan (Harold)	On the Notion of a Sortal Concept	Paper - By Subtopic	The Philosophical Quarterly, Vol. 28, No. 110 (Jan., 1978), pp. 58-64	No
Noonan (Harold)	Review of 'Kinds of Being: A Study of Individuation, Identity and the Logic of Sortal Terms' by E. J. Lowe	Paper - Cited	Philosophy, Vol. 66, No. 256 (Apr., 1991), pp. 248-249	Yes
Noonan (Harold)	Sortal Concepts and Identity	Paper - By Subtopic	Mind, New Series, Vol. 87, No. 346 (Apr., 1978), pp. 267-269	No
Noonan (Harold)	Sortal Concepts and Identity	Paper - By Subtopic	Noonan - Objects and Identity, 1980, Chapter 5	11%
Oderberg (David)	Coincidence Under a Sortal	Paper - By Subtopic	Philosophical Review, Apr96, Vol. 105 Issue 2, p145, 27p;	No
Olson (Eric)	Persistence	Paper - Cited	The Human Animal, September 1999, Chapter 2, pp. 22-41	Yes
Olson (Eric)	The Human Animal - Personal Identity Without Psychology	Book - Cited (via Paper Cited)	Bibliographical details to be supplied	Yes
Perry (John)	Identity, Personal Identity and the Self	Book - By Subtopic (via Paper By Subtopic)	Perry (John) - Identity, Personal Identity and the Self	3%
Perry (John)	The Same F	Paper - By Subtopic	Perry - Identity, Personal Identity and the Self, 2002, Chapter 1	No
Rapp (Christof)	Runggaldier on the Cohabitation of Material Objects	Paper - By Subtopic	Erkenntnis (1975-), Vol. 48, No. 2/3, Analytical Ontology (1998), pp. 371-375	No
Rea (Michael)	Constitution and Kind Membership	Paper - By Subtopic	Philosophical Studies 97: 169-193, 2000	No
Robinson (Howard)	Dualism (Stanford)	Paper - Cited	Stanford Encyclopaedia of Philosophy, 2003-11	Yes
Runggaldier (Edmund)	Sortal Continuity of Material Things	Paper - By Subtopic	Erkenntnis (1975-), Vol. 48, No. 2/3, Analytical Ontology (1998), pp. 359-369	11%
Simons (Peter)	Coincidence of Things of a Kind	Paper - By Subtopic	Mind, Vol. 94, No. 373, Jan., 1985, pp. 70-75	No
Simons (Peter)	Review of 'Kinds of Being: A Study of Individuation, Identity and the Logic of Sortal Terms' by E. J. Lowe	Paper - Cited	Mind, New Series, Vol. 101, No. 403 (Jul., 1992), pp. 581-582	Yes
Stone (Jim)	Why Sortal Essentialism Cannot Solve Chrysippus's Puzzle	Paper - By Subtopic	Analysis, Vol. 62, No. 3 (Jul., 2002), pp. 216-223	No
Todman (Theo)	Thesis - Sortals	Paper - By Subtopic		Yes
Ujvari (Marta)	Cambridge Change and Sortal Essentialism	Paper - By Subtopic	Metaphysica 5.2 (2004), pp. 25-34	No
Wallace (John R.)	Sortal Predicates and Quantification	Paper - By Subtopic	The Journal of Philosophy, Vol. 62, No. 1 (Jan. 7, 1965) (pp. 8-13)	No
Wiggins (David)	Continuants: Their Activity, Their Being, and Their Identity	Book - By Subtopic (via Paper By Subtopic)	Wiggins (David) - Continuants: Their Activity, Their Being, and Their Identity	14%
Wiggins (David)	Continuants: Their Activity, Their Being, and Their Identity: Introduction	Paper - By Subtopic	Wiggins (David) - Continuants: Their Activity, Their Being, and Their Identity	Yes
Wiggins (David)	Identity & Spatio-temporal Continuity	Book - By Subtopic (via Paper By Subtopic)	Wiggins (David) - Identity & Spatio-temporal Continuity	5%
Wiggins (David)	Identity & Spatio-temporal Continuity: Appendix: Some Residual Problems About Sortal Concepts	Paper - By Subtopic	Wiggins - Identity & Spatio-temporal Continuity, 1967, pp. 59-64	No
Wiggins (David)	Identity, Individuation, and Substance	Paper - By Subtopic	Wiggins (David) - Continuants: Their Activity, Their Being, and Their Identity	63%
Wiggins (David)	Sameness and Substance	Book - By Subtopic (via Paper By Subtopic)	Wiggins (David) - Sameness and Substance	11%
Wiggins (David)	Sameness and Substance Renewed	Book - Cited	Wiggins (David) - Sameness and Substance Renewed	16%
Wiggins (David)	Sortal Concepts: A Reply to Xu	Paper - By Subtopic	Wiggins (David) - Continuants: Their Activity, Their Being, and Their Identity	22%
Wiggins (David)	Sortal Concepts: and the Characteristic Activity or Function or Purpose of their Compliants	Paper - By Subtopic	Wiggins - Sameness and Substance Renewed, 2001, Chapter 3	No
Wiggins (David)	Sortal Concepts: and the Characteristic Activity or Function or Purpose of their Compliants (S&S)	Paper - By Subtopic	Wiggins - Sameness and Substance, 1980, Chapter 3	No
Wilson (Jack)	Beyond Horses and Oak Trees: A New Theory of Individuation for Living Entities	Paper - Cited	Wilson, Jack - Biological Individuality: The identity and Persistence of Living Entities; 1999, Chap. 1, pp. 1-21	Yes
Wilson (Jack)	Biological Individuality - The identity and Persistence of Living Entities	Book - Cited (via Paper Cited)	Bibliographical details to be supplied	Yes
Wilson (Jack)	Identity and Sortals: Why Relative Identity Is Self-Contradictory	Paper - Cited	Wilson, Jack - Biological Individuality: The identity and Persistence of Living Entities; 1999, Appendix, pp. 119-126	Yes
Wright (Crispin)	Frege's Conception of Numbers As Objects	Book - By Subtopic (via Paper By Subtopic)	Wright (Crispin) - Frege's Conception of Numbers As Objects	No
Wright (Crispin)	Number as a Sortal Concept	Paper - By Subtopic	Wright - Frege's Conception of Numbers As Objects, 1983, Chapter 3	No
Wright (Crispin)	The Context Principle	Paper - By Subtopic	Wright - Frege's Conception of Numbers As Objects, 1983, Chapter 1	No

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